Showing posts with label Under These Restless Skies. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Under These Restless Skies. Show all posts

I Pulled My Book from Publication Because I was Wrong about Jane Parker, Lady Rochford #tudor, #historicalfiction

Last year, I made a promise to myself that when my rights to Under These Restless Skies reverted from my publisher back to me, I was going to pull it from publication until it underwent extensive rewrites. I've now done that; the book is unavailable and will be until I finish the process.


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So, What Happened?

What happened was that I realized I was wrong. Terribly wrong. I had tried so hard in the novel to be fair to Anne Boleyn and depict her character as reflected in the true historical record that I ended up slandering and vilifying another historical character, Anne's sister-in-law, Jane Parker.

I can't plead complete ignorance. In my notes, I said that Jane's depiction as a sneaky, conniving person had fallen from favor, but she was a convenient villain (which is likely why history has traditionally blamed her).

But over the last few years since the book's debut, I've read more about Jane. I've updated my blog, routinely editing articles to reflect my findings, but I couldn't do the same with the novel. As more time passed, I felt worse about what I'd done.


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So How Are You Gonna Fix This?

I intend to re-write the novel to be more accurate, and to be fair to Jane. I'll also give new ebook copies to readers, and replace paperbacks if the reader wants to mail theirs back to me. It will be a lot of work, and potentially rather expensive (especially given the original book didn't sell all that well,) but I think integrity is important. I said in my notes that I was trying hard to be accurate, and I want my actions to reflect that.

I think authors should have the courage to admit they were wrong about what the historical record says, and to make it right wherever that is possible.



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When Do You Expect This to Be Complete?

I can't say how long this project will take. The original Under These Restless Skies took a year to write. I've never re-written a novel before. I'll update on this blog when it's finished.

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I want to apologize to my readers. I feel like I've failed you. I wanted to write a historical novel which entertained while giving readers a glimpse into the Tudor world I've found do fascinating over the years. I wanted to strip away the cobwebs of myth. Instead, I ended up adding more.

And I want to apologize to Jane Parker Boleyn, Lady Rochford. You didn't deserve what Henry did to you, and you didn't deserve what history has done to you. Nor did you deserve what I did to you. I'm so sorry. I'll try to set my part of it right.


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Deleted Scene: The Death of Katharine of Aragon

As Anne had predicted, Will was dispatched to go check Katharine’s condition right after Christmas, and Emma went along with him. They rode one of the king’s hunting horses, and Emma sat in front of Will, her legs draped over one side of the horse. Occasionally, Will leaned down and nuzzled under her ear or kissed her neck, making Emma giggle and drawing a look of disapproval from the man who travelled with them.

Their traveling companion was the Imperial ambassador, Eustace Chapuys, whom had sought permission from the king to visit the dying Katharine. Making a point of giving Chapuys a big, friendly hug in front of Anne, Henry magnanimously granted it. Will understood why. Had he refused, Chapuys might have claimed there was something suspicious about Katharine’s death. Henry made a point of noting once Katharine was dead, the point of contention between England and her nephew would be over. Chapuys, whose attachment to Katharine wasn’t merely a shared nationality, was obviously offended, but he had forced a smile and nodded.

Kimbolton was over sixty miles from London. It would take at least two days to make the journey. The inn they stopped at on in the first night had only one room available, which was appropriated by Chapuys. Emma and Will slept on a pallet in the main taproom with other travelers, one of whom snored. The others kept throwing things at him to catch snatches of sleep before he started up again. It made Emma giggle, and kept Will from getting irritable. Sometimes, he thought a selkie’s magic must include infectious good spirits.

Will lay with his hands cupped over the small mound of his wife’s abdomen. His child. He still could not believe it. He and Emma hadn’t told anyone yet. There had never seemed to be a good time, but Will supposed nature would reveal it for them soon enough. For the time being, Will felt safer keeping the babe a secret, as though he could somehow protect the child by hiding it from the world.

When they arrived at Kimbolton, they found Katharine’s steward, Sir Edmund Bedingfield, in a state of agitation. Yesterday, her dearest friend, Maria Willoughby had arrived at the house. Bedingfield had been given strict orders by the king not to allow anyone to see Katharine without written permission, but Maria was the mother-in-law of the Duke of Suffolk and couldn’t be unceremoniously turned away at the door. She claimed to have the license to visit, which would arrive tomorrow. In the meantime, she begged, could she come inside and warm herself by the fire? She’d suffered a fall from her horse on the journey. Bedingfield readily agreed, and went to write the king to let him know Maria had arrived. When he returned to the hall, Maria was gone, having darted inside Katharine’s rooms, where Bedingfield was forbidden to go. He pleaded with Will to send her out.

“Your pardon, sir,” Will replied. “I have not that authority. I am here but to witness.”

Bedingfield muttered behind them as they followed Chapuys into Katharine’s chambers. Her outer rooms were deserted and Will realized with a cold chill down his spine her ladies had already been dismissed. No need to keep servants for a woman who would never rise from her bed again.

Katharine’s bedchamber was dark, lit only by candle light, and the orange glare cast from the huge fire that kept the room miserably hot. The air was thick with incense smoke and Will saw Emma give a surreptitious rub at her sensitive nose. On the opposite side of the room, a small herd of priests stood, mumbling in constant prayer, their faces sheened with sweat.

Maria Willoughby sat on the bed beside her mistress, a familiarity only death and deep friendship could have made acceptable. She gently dabbed at Katharine’s face and neck with a cool cloth she rinsed in a bowl beside her.

Will did not need to approach the bed any closer to agree the assessment of her condition was correct. Black circles swooped under Katharine’s sunken eyes and her skin was a terrible ashen gray that sagged from her dramatic weight loss. She hadn’t been able to keep food down in a long while now. The once plump and pretty princess had become stout in middle age, but she was now a wasted figure, so much changed in such a short time that Chapuys had to choke back a gasp when he saw her.

Emma made a soft sound and headed for the bed, but Will caught her arm and shook his head. Her natural instinct would have been to take the dying woman’s hand and comfort her in whatever way she could. “Nay,” he whispered. “Give Chapuys his time with her first.” He put his arms around Emma and pulled her back against his chest. One of Emma’s hands came up to grip his as they both silently watched.

Katharine was dozing when Chapuys took the chair beside her bed. When he spoke, she opened her eyes and her smile was so sweet, it made the hearts of all witnesses ache. “Eustace!” she said. Only approaching death could have made the Katharine so informal.

“Your majesty,” Chapuys replied. Henry had required that Chapuys was not to meet alone with Katharine, and that all conversations were to be conducted in English, before permitting this visit. Chapuys would have agreed to far more, and he kept his word now.

“The king is grieved to hear of your illness,” he lied. “He has sent me to order you to improve, posthaste.”

Katharine smiled. “I shall endeavor to obey his majesty’s command.”

“Let this news cheer your heart,” Chapuys continued, a smile stretching his face that didn’t reach his eyes. “The king has decided to move you to better lodgings nearer your daughter. It may be he will allow you to see her soon, but you must get better in order to do that.”

Katharine’s hand crept across the bed and grasped his. “ ‘Tis kind of you to say so,” she murmured.

Chapuys had to look away for a moment, blinking hard.

“I wish to write to him,” Katharine said, her voice like the sigh of wind through winter-bare trees. There was no need to specify to which “him” she referred. “Will you take down my words?”

Courtesy of Wikipedia
“Of course, your grace.” Chapuys signaled rapidly and Will went over to the table where a lap desk was stored. He handed it to Chapuys, who looked up at Katharine for permission to open it before he lifted the covering of the lid. Inside the lid, the letters H and K flanked a castle tower and their heraldic symbols were scattered through the rest. The compartment revealed held small, square sheets of blank paper. Chapuys took several before closing the lid top.

Gold paint gleamed in the firelight as Chapuys pulled out the long, slim drawer in the back to remove a quill. He shut the box back up and used its slanting surface to write. Maria Willoughby held the inkwell for him as he dipped the quill.

Katharine’s voice was soft and several times, she had to stop and rest for a moment before continuing. But, but the words were dictated in a steady stream, without hesitation, making Will think she must have composed this letter in her mind long before now.

My most dear lord, king and husband, the hour of my death now drawing on, the tender love I owe you forces me, my case being such, to commend myself to you, and to put you in remembrance with a few words of the health and safeguard of your soul which you ought to prefer before all worldly matters, and before the care and pampering of your body, for the which you have cast me into many calamities and yourself into many troubles. 

"For my part, I pardon you everything, and I wish to devoutly pray God that He will pardon you also. For the rest, I commend unto you our daughter Mary, beseeching you to be a good father unto her, as I have heretofore desired. I entreat you also, on behalf of my maids, to give them marriage portions, which is not much, they being but three. For all my other servants I solicit the wages due them, and a year more, lest they be unprovided for.”

She took a deep breath and whispered, “Lastly, I make this vow, that mine eyes desire you above all things. Katharine the Queen.”

Chapuys was silent as he removed a stick of sealing wax from the segmented drawer in the front of the desk. He used the candle on the bedside table to melt it and fat drops of wax pattered onto the paper, bright teardrops of blood red. A small signet was in the drawer on the right and Chapuys used it to press Katharine’s seal into the wax. Will took the box from him and returned it to the table as Chapuys slipped the letter into his doublet pocket. “I will see . . . I will see to it he gets it, personally.”

“I thank you.” A light, wavering sigh escaped her. “Eustace . . . Eustace, I thought God would open my husband’s eyes. And now, there is no more time.”

“You can recover, your majesty. You—”

Katharine shook her head and his words broke off as she sought his hand.

“No more of that now,” Katharine said. “Verily, I regret it not, for I shall soon be in paradise. But I cannot help but wonder, as I prepare to stand before my Creator . . . is it upon my head, what has happened with the Church? The break with Rome, the heresy arisen in its wake, the good men who have suffered for their faith . . . Is it—in the end—as much my doing as his?”

“God sends heresy to confound the wicked,” Chapuys declared. “It makes the faith of the righteous that much more beautiful in the eyes of God.”

But Katharine winced, so Chapuys hastily amended his words. “The heresy is not deeply entrenched within the land. It will soon dissipate in the light of the truth.”

Katharine closed her eyes and nodded, but Emma could sense even from here Katharine wasn’t soothed. Emma glanced up at Will and gave a tiny shake of her head. He, too, had to wonder. Had Katharine given in, the winds of change would not have swept away a thousand years of tradition. The suppression of the monasteries, the dismantled shrines, their plunder and lands divided up amongst the king and his favored courtiers, the economic repercussions of which were only now being discovered. More and Fisher . . . Elizabeth Barton . . . All of those who had bowed their head before the executioner rather than accept the king’s supremacy over the church.

Katharine drifted back into sleep. Chapuys went over to the table beneath the window and moved the candle closer as he took out a sheet of paper and began to scribble a letter, likely to the emperor. The political game in Europe was about to change once more, and everyone would want their side to be informed first.

Emma could wait no longer to offer the comfort of her kind. She knelt by Katharine’s bed and took her hand. Katharine sighed, and it was a sigh of relief, as though a great, crushing burden had been lifted off her. She opened her eyes and smiled so sweetly, it shattered a small place in Will’s heart.

“Who is this child?” Katharine asked.

“Emma Somers, your majesty,” Emma replied.

“Will, is this your wife? What a lovely creature!”

Before Will could answer, Katharine drifted off into a light sleep. Will murmured to Emma they should go and let her sleep when Katharine opened her eyes. Bleary with exhaustion, they glittered behind her half-closed lids.

What are you?” she whispered.

Will didn’t think anyone had heard, but the words sent a blast of cold fear through him. He glanced around quickly, but no one was looking in their direction.

“A friend,” Emma said, and Katharine smiled as she drifted off into slumber.

~.~

That evening, Katharine dictated her will, which was short and quickly accomplished. The daughter of Ferdinand and Isabella of Spain, once Queen of England, had little worldly property left of which to dispose.

Some of it was left to her servants, the rest to her daughter, Mary, and a portion to the church to pay for the customary masses to be said for her soul. She left her gowns to be made into church vestments. She asked for burial in the chapel of the Observant Franciscans in London. She did not know it was one of the monasteries Henry had already closed, and none of those present had the heart to tell her.

The visit of Maria and Chapuys seemed to do Katharine some good, for she rallied for a couple of days, managing to keep down a bit of food, even sitting up and brushing her own hair at one point. Chapuys had stayed as long as he could, and had to return to London. He said his goodbyes with the hope she might recover, but knowing he would likely never see Katharine again.

Katharine told Emma stories of her girlhood in Spain, and laughed with Maria over some of their shared memories from the golden days when she was England’s new queen. But just as quickly as the revival had come, it faded away, and by the night of Epiphany, it was clear this was the end. So bad was she, the priest wanted to give her extreme unction before dawn, for which he could seek a dispensation later, but Katharine refused. When the sun’s rays broke over the horizon, a mass service was said and Katharine was given last rites.

It had been pre-arranged Katharine should swear at that moment she had never carnally known Prince Arthur, but in the emotion of the moment, the priest forgot to ask, and Katharine did not offer the statement.

Will would always wonder why. Perhaps, in the final moments of her life, it did not seem as important, or maybe, after all of this strife, Henry had been telling the truth after all, and Katharine did not want to stand before her God with a lie on her lips.

Soon after, Katharine fell into a light sleep that deepened as the morning wore on. Her breath grew labored and Emma gasped along with her until Will pried her hand from Katharine’s. “She can feel no pain now,” he murmured into his wife’s ear. “You do not need to bear it for her.”

In the early afternoon, Katharine took one last, short gasp and then it sighed out of her slowly. The watchers all held their breath as well, waiting to see if her chest would rise again, but she was still.

Katharine of Aragon was dead.

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Deleted Scene: Will Tells Katharine of Henry's Re-Marriage to Anne Boleyn



There had been a knock at their door in the pre-dawn hours, and George Boleyn had whispered instructions to Will. When he left, Will closed the door and leaned against it for a long moment, hitting it softly with the side of his fist.

“I must go,” he said to Emma.

She climbed from the bed. “Where?”

“I cannot say.” Will seemed angry about that last point and Emma did the only thing she could do: pull him into her arms.

“It matters not,” she whispered. “As long as you return to me.”

He’d be gone for two days, he told her, three at the latest. They kissed at the door a long while before he left, and Emma tried to imprint upon her very soul his scent, his taste, the feel of his body pressed against hers. And she managed not to cry until he had shut the door behind him. Jack brought her a napkin to wipe away her tears and then sat and groomed her hair as she sobbed.

~,~

Emma would have liked the horse he was riding, Will decided. It was a sprightly, cheerful beast with bright eyes and a shiny, well-groomed coat. And though he felt a little foolish doing it, Will found himself talking to the horse as they rode along, and bizarrely enough, the horse seemed to listen to him, if the turnings of his ears were any indication. Perhaps the animal just liked the sound of his voice.

In any case, it made Will feel better to talk about Emma. She had seemed so much better since the return from the ocean, and then the bath he had managed to obtain for her. She had seemed so well he had considered asking her if the time was right for them to have a child, but then the king had sent him on this errand. The separation was hard enough on Will; how would Emma fare? He had terrible visions of her ceasing to eat, of pining for him, pining for the sea, grieving herself sick. It induced him to urge the horse to a faster pace, though the horse didn’t seem to mind.

The castle rose stark and forbidding in the distance. It was an ancient place, one Henry hadn’t renovated to the extent of his other palaces. He had stopped here on progress a few times to enjoy hunting in the nearby preserve, but had otherwise ignored it. Katharine was housed here now. It couldn’t be terribly comfortable for her, used as she was to massive palaces with ornate rooms decorated in the latest trends of opulence. This house was in a state of poor repair and the air was cool and damp, unhealthy for a woman in Katharine’s condition.

The steward who answered the door recognized Will and was welcoming. He was taken into the empty great hall and seated at a table with a jug of ale and a piece of bread and cheese to refresh him after his long journey. Will glanced around while he chewed, eyeing the dusty tapestries, the middling display of plate on the sideboard.

Near the fireplace, a small handful of ladies were embroidering a tapestry, all of them bent over the large frame. Katharine’s household had been reduced again when she moved here. Once, hundreds of ladies had served her. Now, it was down to a few dozen, smaller even than the household of a princess dowager, as punishment for her stubbornness. Katharine reduced that number herself by refusing to accept any lady who didn’t acknowledge her as queen. The rejected ladies stayed in the outer rooms of the house, spending their days embroidering and gossiping, some of them never having laid eyes on the woman they were ostensibly here to serve.

The women peered at him curiously. One of them giggled and whispered to her neighbor at Will’s hunched shoulder. He pointedly ignored them. He had the feeling if Katharine had been present, she never would have dared.

“Master Somers?” Elizabeth Darrell stood in the doorway. She curtsied to him and Will rose and bowed back to her.

“Mistress Darrell,” he replied. “ ‘Tis good to see you once more.”

“And you as well, Master Somers. What service may I do for you?”

“I have been sent to speak with your mistress.”

Elizabeth’s smile faltered. “She is not well today.”

Will took a deep breath. “I am afraid I must insist. I have a message from the king.”

She nodded. “As his majesty commands. Follow me.”

Katharine’s rooms were tucked away at the back of the castle, down dim and winding halls. Elizabeth carried a lamp with her to light their way and cautioned Will about the loose board in the doorway. He stepped over it into Katharine’s empty presence chamber. A chair sat on a dais under a cloth of estate, embroidered with the arms of Spain and Wales, Katharine’s coat of arms as a princess dowager. The chair was thickly coated with dust. Both of them bowed to it briefly as they passed into the privy chamber.

The room into which he was led was silent and dim. A pallet bed in the corner bore Katherine, a stout figure dressed in black. Her bed of estate was on the other side of the room, with rich hangings and fat pillows, crowned with that new coat of arms she detested. It would be like her to refuse to sleep in it.

Katharine rolled over and her face still wore that gentle, welcoming smile he remembered. “Master Somers!” she said, as though greeting an old friend. “Pray, forgive me that I do not rise. I trod on a pin, injuring my foot, and I have been sore annoyed with a cough.”

So sore she wasn’t wearing a shoe. He could see a hint of bare sole peeking from beneath her gown. A poultice had been applied to it, held in place by a thick linen bandage.

“Have you news for me of my husband?” she asked.

Will wished he’d drank more ale in the hall. He knelt next to her cot. “I do, Madame.” He took the paper of instructions from his pocket and opened it. He opened it slowly and reluctantly raised his eyes to her face. “The king’s majesty sends you word your marriage has been judged unlawful by the universities and by the Lords and Commons. The archbishop has pronounced it null and void, and the king’s marriage with Anne Boleyn to be sound and true.”

Katharine sucked in a breath that sent her into a coughing fit. Elizabeth Darrell hurried over with a goblet and she helped Katharine to sit up enough to drink it. Katharine choked on the liquid and Elizabeth murmured soothing words as she rubbed Katharine’s back. Elizabeth shot Will an angry look and he grimaced.

“I do not say this because I wish to,” he said, his tone pitched low to avoid the ears of the ladies who were undoubtedly listening at the door.

“Aye, that I know, Master Somers,” Katharine said between small coughs. “Pray, continue.”

Will dropped his gaze to his instructions. His hands had crushed the paper at the sides and he forced himself to loosen his grip. “By order of the king’s majesty, you are to abandon your pretended title of queen and content yourself with the title princess dowager. If you obey and show yourself to be a true and loyal subject of his majesty and his lawful wife, Queen Anne, you will be housed in comfort with the honor due you, and your daughter, the Lady Mary, will be permitted to visit once more.”

Katharine waited for a moment before she spoke. “Is that all, Master Somers?”

“Aye, madame.” Will couldn’t look at her.

“I thank you for delivering the king’s message to me,” Katharine said. Her voice was steady once again, warm and kind. He glanced up to her and saw she was giving him a small smile of understanding. She gestured to Elizabeth who brought over a small bag. “For your pains, Master Somers.”

Elizabeth handed the heavy pouch to him and he heard the coins clink inside. “Your grace,” he started, and then closed his eyes. “I cannot—“

“Pray, accept it in the spirit it was given.” Katharine’s smile was gentle and warm.

“Aye, Madame.” Will raked a hand through his hair in frustration. He cursed Henry for sending him on this task, to say hard words to this woman who had heard them before. Did Henry imagine Will would change her mind?

“I shall give you my reply now, and I ask you to convey it to my husband, the king.”

“I will, Madame.” Will looked up from the floor and saw something he would never be able to describe if he attempted to tell the tale to another. Like an invisible cloak, a mantle of dignity and power settled over Katharine. She was the infanta of Spain, the daughter of Ferdinand and Isabella, the descendant of generations of queens and kings. Royalty was writ in her blood.

“I am the king’s true and lawful wife, and there is no queen of England, save myself. The king may do what he will in his own realm, and the universities may say what they will, but there is none who might decide my case other than his holiness, the pope. I will not damn my soul by agreeing to the lie I am but the princess dowager. Nor will I illegitimatize my daughter, the rightful princess, Mary.”

She began to cough again and Elizabeth brought the goblet of wine to her lips. Katharine drank deeply and extended her hand. “May I see those instructions?”

Will handed the paper to her wordlessly. In truth, he was grateful to be rid of it.

“A pen,” she murmured to Elizabeth who fetched a wood box from a table on the other side of the room. She unhooked the clasps on the side and folded it out into a writing desk. Elizabeth uncapped the ink and dipped a quill into it. Katharine laid the instructions on the leather-covered surface of the table. Elizabeth brought the lamp closer and Will could read the words at the top of the paper, To the princess dowager, Katharine of Spain.

Katharine took the quill and slashed through the words savagely, tearing the point of the quill through the paper. She paused and closed her eyes for a moment. “Might I have your leave to make a copy of this document in Spanish, that I might send it to his holiness, the pope?”

“Aye, my lady.” Will could barely force out the words. Appeals to the Pope were now forbidden, but somehow, Katharine still managed to get letters smuggled out of the country, though little good they did her.

She smiled at him with that same gentleness and withdrew a sheet of paper from her desk. She wrote quickly, pausing now and again to re-dip the quill. When she finished, Elizabeth shook sand over the paper to dry the ink. Katherine folded it thrice and dripped some wax onto the edge of the paper, then pressed her ring deeply into it, creating an envelope with her signet seal.

Katharine held out the instructions she’d copied. “I thank you, kind sir.”

“Madame, I merit no title,” Will replied.

“Were it in my power any longer, I would see to it you got one.” She took a deep breath and coughed again, deep wracking coughs that shook her entire frame. “Prithee, convey to the king, my husband: I pray for him night and day, and the love I bear for him is why I stand firm in my convictions. I do this not from obstinacy, but to preserve the rights of my daughter, and care for my immortal soul will not allow me to lie.”

Will stood. “I will carry your words to him.”

Katharine held out a hand to him and Will took it, pressing a kiss to the back of it. “God’s blessings upon you, Master Somers. You have served your master well, but your heart is kind.”

Will thanked her and hurried from the room. His throat felt so tight it was difficult to breathe. A burning ball of anger seethed in his chest. Regardless of the legalities, of the religious implications, Katharine didn’t deserve this. And it left a chill in his bones, for if Henry could condemn the wife who had loved him for twenty years to this exile, torn from everyone she loved, what else could he do?

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When Did Anne Boleyn and Henry VIII Marry?

Their marriage literally changed the world, but no one is certain when it occurred. All of the records of the marriage of Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn -assuming there were any - were destroyed, either intentionally after Anne's execution, or by Time's indifferent hand.

There are two dates proposed as the date of Henry and Anne's marriage: November 14, 1532 and January 25, 1533.

Two chroniclers of the day, Nicholas Sander and Edward Hall, claim that Henry and Anne were married on November 14, 1532, right after their return from Calais. During that trip, Francis, King of France, had tacitly recognized Anne as Henry's consort, a very significant win in the battle for their union's legitimacy.

Historian David Starkey agrees with this date. It seems to coincide with the beginning of the couple’s physical relationship. (Coincidentally, November 14 was also the day that Katharine of Aragon wed Arthur Tudor in 1501.) Traditionally, the Protestant faction favored this date because it would mean Henry and Anne's daughter, Elizabeth, was conceived in wedlock. Sander's agreement with the November date is interesting in this case, because he hated Elizabeth, and if he felt he could have tarnished her with the accusation of illegitimacy, it seems odd he wouldn't have taken the chance.

The second date is January 25th, 1533, a ceremony performed in the pre-dawn hours in the gatehouse at Whitehall Palace. According to NASA, January 25, 1533 was a new moon. I wonder if it that date was chosen because their movements to the gatehouse would be under the cover of darkness?

Nicholas Harpsfield writes a narrative of the marriage in which Henry basically bullies Dr. Rowland Lee into performing the service, lying about having a license from the pope. Cranmer wrote a letter citing this date:

But now, sir, you may not imagine that this coronation was before her marriage; for she was married much about St Paul’s Day last, as the condition thereof doth well appear, by reason she is now somewhat big with child.

He goes on to write it was done so privately that Cranmer himself didn't know it had happened until two weeks after the fact.

Why the discrepancy in the dates? How can two sets of chroniclers confidently assert two dates so many months apart? Were there really two ceremonies?

Some scholars assert that the first ceremony was merely some sort of betrothal/formal commitment ceremony, after which Anne Boleyn felt it was safe to "give in" and begin a physical relationship with the king.

But why would they have a ceremony that wasn't necessary? All of Europe already knew of their intention to marry, and that intention alone was binding. Henry had even gotten a dispensation from the pope (before he decided the pope had no such authority) to marry a woman whose sister he had slept with: Anne. Had Henry and Anne broken up, both would have needed a dispensation to marry others, simply based on the strength of what had already transpired.

I, personally, do not believe Anne Boleyn would have slept with the king without a marriage ceremony. Nor do I agree with the assessment that Anne was holding on to her virginity only as a way of propelling herself to the throne, and that she “gave in” to the king during this trip to France because she could trust that the crown was safely within her grasp. Whatever her flaws, Anne was a deeply religious woman and I don’t believe she would have slept with the king without being married to him, no matter what assurances she had. Henry, too, wouldn't have wanted to begin a physical relationship with Anne before they were safely married.

Once he had committed to marry her, Henry wanted his heirs to be born in lawful wedlock. He even staged a monarch's coronation for Anne, to ensure no one could challenge his heir, born to an anointed queen. Getting her "knocked up" before they were lawfully married would have been a disaster. He would not have wanted any hint of illegitimacy to hang over his child's head.

The second wedding was performed once it was discovered that Anne was pregnant. They decided to allay any doubts Anne was his wife by having another wedding on what was indisputably English soil in front of a handful of select witnesses, including Charles Brandon, Henry NorrisWilliam Brereton, and Anne Savage.

The secret wedding after the return from Calais had stayed too secret. The second wedding was also kept a secret until after it was done - they didn't want anyone trying to stop them before the deed was accomplished. And so, they slipped out of Whitehall before dawn, through the moonless dark to the gatehouse, and there they married again, this time, intending to let the "secret" slip when it was expedient to do so. By April, everyone knew Anne and Henry were wed.

Henry didn't do things by half measures. His wife was double-married and in a few months, she would be doubly-crowned, first as a consort and also as a monarch in her own right.


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A Sneak Peek at "Under These Restless Skies"


Journey back in time to Tudor England with a tale of romance, intrigue, and the Celtic legends of the selkies.

Will Somers has spent his life alone, thinking himself unlovable. Emma is a selkie, one of the immortal fae-folk of the sea. When Will finds her sleeping on the beach, he seizes this unexpected chance to have a wife and family of his own. He steals her pelt, binding her to him until the day he willingly returns it.

Emma has never experienced life on land, and can barely contain her excitement and curiosity. She has to learn to adapt quickly to human customs, for Will is headed to the glittering, dangerous court of Henry VIII to serve as the king’s royal fool. It’s a world where a careless word can lead to the scaffold, and the smallest of gestures is loaded with political implications.

Anne Boleyn is charmed by Emma’s naiveté and soothing selkie magic, and wants Emma for her own fool. Can Will protect her from the dangers which lurk in every shadow? Theirs is a vocation that provides them some protection, but in Henry VIII’s court, no one is safe. Circa regna tonat:  Around the throne, the thunder rolls.


Sneak Peek below:

Excerpt:

“Your majesty, Lady Pembroke, Master Richard Fermor and Will Somers.”

“Rise,” the king said. Will glanced at him quickly. He saw a large, but still muscular man with thinning reddish-blond hair, dressed in a dark brown velvet doublet, ornamented with pearls and gold frogs. The king had gained weight in the last few years and to disguise it, he had widened the shoulders of his surcoats. His eyes were small, a piercing blue-gray. Will caught a glimpse of them before he lowered his own eyes to stare at the floor.

“So, Fermor, you have brought me a fool.” The king’s voice was low and gruff and he didn’t sound terribly interested. The lady seated at his side wore a French hood and an initial pendant attached to her strand of pearls, the letters AB twined together. She wore a dressing gown of brilliant scarlet, trimmed in ermine. It was raiment that only the highest nobility was entitled to wear, but Anne Boleyn was now royal in all but name. Just weeks ago, the king had created her Marquess of Pembroke, the highest noble title in the land. She idly patted the small dog in her lap.

“Aye, your majesty,” Fermor said. “If it pleases your grace.”

“Well, fool, what can you do?”

Will was startled. He hadn’t expected the king to actually speak to him. “I – I can juggle, your majesty,” he croaked. “I can make jests, tumble, and sing a little.”
“Let us see it, then.”

Will’s hands trembled as he withdrew the balls from his bag. “If it pleases your majesty,” he started. He straightened his shoulders as best he could and said in his haughtiest tone: “I, Will Somers, am the best juggler in England.”

The king snorted and Will hoped it was from amusement. He fell into his act, bragging about his abilities while seeming to lose track of his juggling and keeping the balls in the air seemingly by accident alone. He was grateful that he had performed this particular act so many times because he thought he’d completely forgotten his lines, but they slipped from his mouth of their own accord and his limbs seemed to move themselves. The king guffawed a couple of times and he thought her heard Anne laugh at one point. He ended with one of the balls balanced on the tip of his nose before dropping it into his hands and sweeping low into a bow.


“Well done, Master Fool,” the king said, and he seemed a bit more jovial than he had when Will first entered the room, or perhaps it was simply wishful thinking on Will’s part. “But tell me this: I have fools already who can juggle and make jests. Why would I wish to have you at my court? What have you to offer they do not?”

The answer popped from Will’s mouth as though he had rehearsed it. “Because I will do something that none of your council, lords and ladies, ambassadors, servants nor soothsayers will do.”

The king lifted an eyebrow. “And what might that be?”

“I will tell you the truth, your majesty.”

Fermor gasped. Anne burst into laughter. “Oh, I do like him,” she said.

The king cast an amused glance at her. “Is that so, Master Fool? Then perhaps you are worth it after all.”

“But you must make an oath to me,” Will said.

The king flushed a little, but calmed when Anne giggled at Will’s audacity. “What?”

“You must swear it, as the word of a Christian king.” Will’s mouth was as dry as paper and his heart thudded wildly in his chest, but he continued. “You must swear to me, on your honor, that you will never hold it against me when I tell you the truth.”

The king stared at him, his mouth slightly agape, and then he burst into laughter. He slapped his knee and elbowed Anne, who laughed politely along with him, though she obviously didn’t find it as amusing as he did.

“You have my word,” the king said, as he accepted a perfumed handkerchief from one of his serving lords to wipe away the tears that had seeped from his eyes. “Or must I write it out and put my royal seal to it?”

“Your word is sufficient for me,” Will replied.

“I am flattered at your trust, Master Fool,” the king said solemnly, and burst into guffaws once again. “Go and have my steward find you rooms. Have you a wife?”
“I do.” Will thought quickly. He had to find a way to keep Emma away from court, but refusing lodgings offered by the king would be a gross insult.

The king waved a hand. “Bring her tomorrow. I wish to see what the wife of a fool looks like.”

“Much like every other wife in England,” Will said and that sent the king into laughter once more.

“Go, and come back on the morrow,” the king said. He waved a hand at the steward. “Find him some decent garb, and some for Milady Fool as well.”

Will bowed deeply and followed the steward from the room. “And for you, Fermor,” he heard the king begin before the door was shut behind them. Will’s knees gave out and he collapsed to the floor. His head swam in sick circles. He sat back on his heels and looked up at the steward. “Pray, pardon,” he rasped.

The steward smiled slightly. “You are not the first to react in such a manner.” He held out a hand and Will stared at it in surprise. The steward was a lord, and here he was, offering a hand to a baseborn commoner. Will took it gingerly and the steward helped him to his feet and drew him near.

“If ever a man needed to hear the truth,” the steward whispered, “it is that man in there.” He drew away again and his manner was once more brisk and officious. “Follow me.”


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